Food:
Food is a substance taken in
the body that will help to meet the body needs for energy, maintenance of
health, growth and reproduction.
Nutrition:
Nutrition is the process of
consuming, absorbing and utilization of nutrients required by the body for
growth, development and maintenance of life. Nutrition science deals with the
role of food in the maintenance of health. It provides the ability to withstand
the inevitable process of ageing with minimal disability and functional
impairment. It helps to resist the adverse effects of environmental toxins and
pollutants to combat disease.
Nutrition science:
Nutrition science is the
science of food, nutrients and other compounds, their action and their interaction
in relation to health and disease. It also includes the processes by which
individual ingests, absorbs, transports and utilizes nutrients and disposes of
the end product. It also includes all the processes involve in the growth,
maintenance and repair of the living organisms that depend upon digestion of
food.
Nutrients:
Nutrients are the substances
required by the body for all the body functions. Nutrients are the naturally
occurring food components that are utilized by the body and provide nourishment
that perform function such as energy giving, bodybuilding and protection of
body from health disturbing factors.
Diet:
Diet comprises of foods
(solid or liquid), or mixtures of foods in the amounts actually eaten, usually
each day. The purpose of diet is to supply the nutrients required for the
normal growth. For example if we eat bread and an egg with a glass of juice at
breakfast and fruits and vegetables with some chapatti in lunch time and eating
rice with some daal or with meat or having a glass of milk at dinner that would
be our daily diet. The diet should cover all the ingredients needed by the body
for growth and maintenance of body health. If we consume only one food item as
a diet than it can lead to some deficiencies or excess of nutrients that can
cause serious health problems.
Balanced diet:
Balanced diet is one that
contains all nutrients in accurate proportion as required by a person to
promote and preserve good health. For a normal adult man, a balanced diet
consist of two or more portions from the group containing most protein and
three or more portions of fruit and vegetables each day. Protein portion can be
taken from meat, eggs, beans and legumes.
Fat should be moderate in quantity. Cereals can be added to satisfy
appetite and maintain body weight.
Optimum nutrition:
Optimum nutrition means a
person receiving and utilizing essential nutrients in proper proportion as
required by the body. Because all nutrients are essential to maintain our
health like proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals.
Nutritional status:
Nutritional status is the
condition of body after consuming or utilizing of food. The nutritional status
of a person can be good or poor.
Good nutritional status:
It refers to the intake of
well-balanced diet which supplies all the essential nutrients to meet body
requirements. Such a person may be considered to be receiving optimum nutrition.
Poor nutritional status:
It refers to an inadequate or
excessive intake of nutrients to meet body requirements. Overeating can also result
in poor nutrition status of a person. For example a person suffering from
goiter shows inadequate consumption of iodine in food and a person with obesity
shows excessive intake of fats in body.
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